Present Perfect (Intermediate)

 

Use:

1. For an action that happened at an unstated past time but is connected with the present (might be a piece of news).

 I’ve bought a new car. She’s received a promotion.

2. For an action that happened within the unfinished period of time (today, this week, this year). Also is used for result-oriented actions.

Have you eaten anything today? I’ve read 3 books this week.

3.  For non-continuous verbs: for an action that started in the past and continues up to the present, especially with for, since and how long.

We’ve known each other for 5 years. I’ve been here since morning. How long have you believed that?

Also verbs live, work, teach and feel can be used with no difference in meaning:

- I’ve lived here since my childhood.

 4. After when, as soon as, before, after to emphasize the fulfillment of an action.

I will call you when I’ve finished cooking. You will go out as soon as you’ve done your homework. I’ll let you off after you’ve carried out this task.

  

Structure:

+ Statement

1. Noun/pronoun;

2. Have/has;

3. Verb + ed/III column of the irregular verbs. 

I have seen you before.

You’ve cooked a tasty cake.

? Question

1. Have/has;

2. Noun/pronoun;

3. Verb +ed/III column of the irregular verbs

Have you seen me before?

Has she cooked a tasty cake?

- Negation

1. Noun/pronoun;

2. Have/has;

3. Not;

4. Verb + ed/III column of the irregular verbs.

I haven’t seen you before.

You haven’t cooked a tasty cake. 

Spelling:

1. For verbs ending in "e" we add the "d"-ending: bathed, waved, lied... etc.
   

2.  The rule of the three conditions:

   • If the stress falls on the last syllable
   • And there is one vowel in the syllable
   • And the syllable ends in one consonant 

    – the last consonant doubles and we add the "ed"- ending: wrap-wrapped, tap-tapped.

3.  In the British variant of English the verbs ending in “l” double the “l” and add the “ed” –ending no matter where the stress falls: travel – travelled, cancel – cancelled. For the American variant apply the “Rule of the Three Conditions”.

4. If a verb ends in a “y” with a preceding consonant, change “y” into “i” and add “ed”: fry – he fried, dry – she dried, falsify – he falsified.
5. If a verb ends in  a “y”  with a preceding vowel, don’t change the “y”, just add  the “ed”-ending: play- he played, delay – she delayed.

 

Task 1

Add the ‘ed’ ending to the following verbs:

push, pat, label, spy, sense, view, stab, place, spot, rest, regret, nourish, eliminate, terrify, reply, squeeze, rejoice, employ, snorkel, delay, rely.

15 Phrasal Verbs: 

1. Break up - The ship has broken up on the rocks. Their marriage has broken up. You’ve broken up - I can’t hear you.
2. Break down - The telephone system has broken down. Negotiations between the two sides have broken down. 
3. Bring up - She has brought up 5 kids. He has just brought it up at the meeting.
4. Build up - The goal behind all those initiatives is to encourage and build up each youth's individual personality. Build up debt - Western companies have built up debts and no longer know what to do with them.
5. Burn down (several villages) - What landlord has burnt down his house simply because the tenants occupying it failed to take good care of it?
6. Call for - Consumer associations have called for these measures.
7. Call up (the police) - The smell of the sea has called up memories of her childhood.
8. Call off ( e.g. a deal/trip/strike/ engagement/ the game) - President Obama has recently called off the raids on medical marijuana facilities. 
9. Calm down - Although it has calmed down over the past few days, the wind is still cold and numbing when it hits your bare skin.
10. Carry out (instructions/tasks/assignments)  - Though he has successfully carried out that task, it is not hard to see why Jonah found it daunting.
11. Catch up with - Recent assessments reveal that girls have caught up or even overtaken boys in this subject.
12. Check out - I have checked out the website, and it seems like a great resource for youth to get help. Can I cancel an order after I have already checked out?
13. Clean up  - We have cleaned up the mess.
14. Clear up - Nothing has actually cleared up the problem. As the weather has cleared up we are able to get some nice views against the background of the mountains.
15. Come across  - I have not come across one good explanation as to why this hassle has to continue.

 

Task 2

Find the following expressions:

Ссора, переговоры, на фоне, исследования, обогнать, тяжелый, открыть (раскрыть), арендаторы, не удаться, налеты, немеющий, голая кожа.

 

Task 3

Open the brackets using Present Perfect:

1.He ..............(to clean up) his room.

2. For those who ..............(not to check out) the forum or Facebook page, please try it out.
3. She just ..............(to break up) with her boyfriend.
4. She .............. (to call for) these questions to be taken into account.
5. However, the question I have for the minister is on something he ............. (to bring up). 
6. He ............. (to burn down) a barn to kill the rats.
7. We .............(to carry out) a general clean-up of debris found in these areas.
8. If you are the driver or a passenger in a vehicle that ..............(to break down), we can help. 
9. The rescue authority ..............(to call off) search. 
10. I ..............(to call up) the lab and made sure that the numbers are right. 
11. It will only be possible to start looking at the necessary structural changes once the situation ...............(to calm down).
12. In numbers of graduates every year, China and India .............(to catch up with) the USA. 
13. It seems to me the matter .............(to be cleared up) by his statement.
14. It is by pure luck that I .............(to come across) these buildings.
15. We must repay the debt load that the government ............. (to build up).

  Task 4

Find the following expressions:

выплатить, совершенно случайно, обломки, принимать в расчет, удостовериться, спасатели.

 

Task 5

Use the following verbs in Present Perfect to fill in the sentences (each verb should be used twice):

Build up, break up, call off, calm down, catch up with

1. Millions of families ..............
2. Do not hesitate to explain to him what has upset him once he .............
3. We ..............a world-class team of around 1,300 engineers
4. They ...............the football match.
5. Even though the situation today ............... , and some people have returned to their villages, such as Birao, there were [...] many who fled to Cameroon or Chad and are just now returning. 
6. We ............ a whole new world.
7. Since then, women ............... and even surpassed men, especially on the educational front.
8. Is it just general frustration that causes people not only to create violence in their homes but to continue it after the marriage ................? 
9. But I have to say that she ............... me and even overtaken me. 
10. I ................the expedition and returned home.

 

Task 6

Choose between Present Perfect and Past Simple using the following verbs:

Bring up, break up, break down, build up, burn down, call for, call off, calm down, clean up, come across

1. We ............... many poppies along the way, but it was this field that really captured our attention.
2. (from the news) As a matter of precaution, Mexican authorities ............public events, and closed all non-essential services including schools and universities.
3. Last year we ..............the customer's trust in our trademark and won his loyalty. 
4. (at lunch) We ............. our morning session into two sessions. 
5. The entire education and health systems ............... and food security is almost non existent.
6. She deserves credit for each child she ..............
7. If possible ignore it until the whining stops and the puppy ..............
8. I ............... mercy, but I did not see any change at that time.
9. During war they ............. many houses and killed innocent people.
10. Anyone who ever ............. a mess knows that it is a lot easier to do it immediately than to wait until it has set in or spread.

Task 7

Choose between Present Perfect and Past Simple using the following verbs:

Bring up, bring up, break up, break up, break down, call up, calm down, carry out, clear up, come across

1. When the band .............. in 72, Ray felt the need to deepen his knowledge of traditional music.
2. She ............. the information she needed before the meeting.
3. Since the end of the civil war, we .............. several projects in the development and rehabilitation of the health system. 
4. We waited inside until things .............
5. That’s the information I .............
6. Before the Soviet Union ............ in 1991, high literacy levels prevailed in the Trans-Caucasus and Central Asia. 
7. Nevertheless, if you have device-specific questions about our products, or in the unlikely event that one of your devices .............., we put ourselves entirely at your disposal! 
8. We have some of the other issues that you ............. and we do have a time squeeze between now and the break. 
9. I've lived on the west coast for the last 35 years and ............. two fantastic sons. 
10. Following the storm the weather ........... to become fair, cool and windy, but no impediment to dedicated bazaar shoppers.

Task 8

Find the following expressions:

Привлечь внимание, небольшой промежуток времени, преобладать, ясно, вопросы по эксплуатации, тем не менее, препятствие, углубить знания, заядлый любитель базаров, маловероятный случай, мы полностью в вашем распоряжении, заслуживать уважения, наступить и распространиться, милосердие, доверие клиентов, несуществующий, непервостепенный, верность, в качестве предостережения, мак, превзойти, восстановление (ремонт), медлить (не решаться)

Task 9

Translate into English using Present Perfect or Past Simple:

1. Он успокоился с тех пор, как посетил медицинский центр.
2. В качестве мер предосторожности мы поубирали обломки еще на прошлой неделе.
3. Я еще не догнала группу, хотя моя подруга, которая вернулась в класс позднее, уже многих превзошла.
4. С тех пор как установилась хорошая погода, нет никаких препятствия для заядлых любителей базаров.
5. Я была полностью в вашем распоряжении всю эту неделю и выполнила несколько проэктов.
6. Они прожили вместе 20 лет, вырастили троих сыновей и расстались в 2010.
7. Я никогда не медлила со сбором информации по гражданской войне и всегда проверяла все ресурсы.
8. На прошлой встрече вы подняли вопросы развития и восстановления системы здравоохранения.
9. Жильцы не создали себе хорошую репутацию, так как они спалили дом, после того как прибегли к насилию дома и это привело к нашему разочарованию. 
10. Мы просили о милосердии и они отменили страйк.

Task 10

Translate into English using Present Perfect or Past Simple:

1. Совершенно случайно мы наткнулись на этот ресторан в Греции.
2. Мы отозвали/отменили производство так как многие устройства сломались в течении первых трех месяцев работы.
3. Она вызвала полицию после того как наткнулась на обломки транспортного средства.
4. Вы только что пропали и я не услышала то, что вы сказали.
5. У вас был небольшой промежуток времени сегодня утром и вам ничто не мешало собрать информацию и ознакомиться с ней.
6. В Советском союзе преобладал высокий уровень грамотности и этот факт привлек наше внимание.
7. Игнорируйте его, пока он не успокоится и не уберет бардак.
8. Это препятствие устранило другую проблему и помогло мне углубить знания в этой сфере.
9. Погода улучшилась и даже превзошла вчерашнюю погоду. 
10. Вы накопили долги и когда не смогли их выплатить, попросили помощи.

Task 11

Translate into English using Present Perfect or Past Simple:

1. Я приняла во внимание ваши вопросы и должна сказать, что вы заслужили уважение.
2. Вы заработали хорошую репутацию, когда позаботились о безопасности еды, которая уже длительное время практически не существует в этом городе.
3. Мы натолкнулись на многих людей из Камеруна и Чада в пути. Также некоторые нас догнали и обогнали. 
4. Мы живем здесь 10 лет и здесь никогда не было ссор.
5. Здесь холодно и все немеет уже неделю.
6. Полиция провела несколько налетов на лабораторию марихуаны.
7. Эти оценки показали, что программа развития поощрила и укрепила личности молодых людей.
8. Поездка на море вызвало у нее позитивные воспоминания и побудило провести восстановление здания в 2000
9. Джейн рассталась с молодым человеком.
10. Она собрала информацию и почувствовала потребность провести спасательный поиск в прошлом году.